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Care of all patients requires close attention to the overall muscular and neurologic dynamics. The importance of this is highlighted when caring for the Athlete Spine. Non-operative treatment of spine conditions requires collaboration with physical therapists while surgery on the Athlete Spine requires protection of surrounding structures and minimizing tissue disruption as much as possible to preserve native anatomy. Resulting from collaboration with Major League Baseball and in-depth care for athletes with spine conditions, Dr. Makhni performs protocols and techniques to help patients optimally return to function after spine surgery.